Flexible pedagogies: Challenges and solutions
Özet
Kaynakça
Ally, M., Grimus, M., & Ebner, M. (2014). Preparing teachers for a mobile world, to improve access to education. Prospects, 44(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-014-9293-2
Andrade, M. S. (2023). Pedagogies and practices: An institutional framework for flexible learning. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 23(5), 106-114.
Baer, A. (2021). Gently stretching to reach all students: Inclusive learning through scaffolding and flexible pedagogy. College & Research Libraries News, 82(4), 182-185. https://doi.org/10.5860/crln.82.4.182
Barnett, L. (2018). Learning development. In I. M. Kinchin & N. E. Winstone (Eds.), Exploring pedagogic frailty and resilience (pp. 186–203). Brill.
Barnett, R. (2014). Conditions of flexibility. York: Higher Education Academy, 10, 1-88.
Barua, L., & Lockee, B. B. (2024). A review of strategies to incorporate flexibility in higher education course designs. Discover Education, 3(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00213-8
Barua, L., & Lockee, B. B. (2024). A review of strategies to incorporate flexibility in higher education course designs. Discover Education, 3(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00213-8
Benade, L. (2019). Flexible learning spaces: Inclusive by design?. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 54(1), 53-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40841-019-00127-2
Bennington, B., Tallantyre, F., & Le Cornu, A. (2013). Flexible learning: a practical introduction for students (pp. 7-12). The Higher Education Academy.
Bercasio, R. R. O. (2023). Flexible pedagogies during the educational disruption in Bicol, Philippines: Developing a practice-informed framework. In C. R. Pérez & M. M. C. Shohel (Eds.), Inclusive pedagogy in contemporary education. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113300
Bitar, N., & Davidovich, N. (2024). Transforming pedagogy: The digital revolution in higher education. Education Sciences, 14(8), 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14080811
Brekke, M., Torstveit, G., Køien Andersen, M., Kjosnes Fredsvik, L., Mijatović, A., Bulant, M., & Zhang, T. (2024). Flexible learning and teaching: Thematic Peer Group Report. European University Association. https://www.eua.eu/publications/reports/flexible-learning-and-teaching.html
Broodryk, J. (2015). Pedagogies that support flexible learning environments. Whakarongo School.
Butcher, J., & Marr, L. (2020). Bend me, shape me: Flexible pedagogies to widen participation and deliver on social justice. In C. Dennis, S. Abbott, R. Matheson, & S. Tangney (Eds.), Flexibility and pedagogy in higher education: Delivering flexibility in learning through online learning communities (pp. 11-21). Brill.
Casey, J., & Wilson, P. (2005). A practical guide to providing flexible learning in further and higher education. Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. https://trustdr.digitalinsite.co.uk/outputs/Flex_Delivery_Guide.pdf
Chakrabarty, R. (2020, June 11). No Indian institute among top 100 in QS World University Rankings 2021: What is India doing wrong? India Today. https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/qs-world-university-rankings-2021-no-indian-institute-among-top-100-1687870-2020-06-11
Collis, B., & Moonen, J. (2002). The contributing student: A pedagogy for flexible learning. Computers in the Schools, 19(3-4), 207-220. https://doi.org/10.1300/J025v19v03_16
Dikilitas, K., & Fructuoso, I. N. (2023). Conceptual framework for flexible learning design: The context of flipped classroom. USPS Press, 267, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31265/usps.267 (Project No. 2022-1-ES01-KA220-HED-000085250, European Commission)
Dimitrova, M., Mimirinis, M., & Murphy, A. (2004, August). Evaluating the flexibility of a pedagogical framework for e-learning. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (pp. 291-295). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2004.1357422
Du Plessis, A. E. (2023). A Handbook for Retaining Early Career Teachers: Research-Informed Approaches for School Leaders. Taylor & Francis.
Du Plessis, A. E., Küng, E., & du Plessis, E. (2024). Challenges for pedagogical effectiveness in an ever-changing education landscape: conceptualisation of pedagogical mobility and flexibility as a context-consciousness. Education Sciences, 14(4), 349. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14040349
El Galad, A., Betts, D. H., & Campbell, N. (2024, April). Flexible learning dimensions in higher education: aligning students’ and educators’ perspectives for more inclusive practices. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9, p. 1347432). Frontiers Media SA.
Elkington, S. (2022). Shifts in pedagogy and flexible assessment: Integrating digital technology with good teaching and learning practice. In B. A. Brown & A. Irons (Eds.), The Emerald handbook of higher education in a post-COVID world: New approaches and technologies for teaching and learning (pp. 153–171). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Familoni, B. T., & Onyebuchi, N. C. (2024). Advancements and challenges in AI integration for technical literacy: a systematic review. Engineering Science & Technology Journal, 5(4), 1415-1430. https://doi.org/10.51594/estj.v5i4.1042
Glover, A., & Stewart, S. (2024). Using a blended distance pedagogy in teacher education to address challenges in teacher recruitment. Teaching Education, 35(1), 104-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2023.2223526
Gordon, N. (2014). Flexible pedagogies: Technology-enhanced learning. The Higher Education Academy, 1(2), 2-14.
Grannäs, J., Frelin, A., & Östlin, T. (2025). Unpacking flexibility in innovative learning environments-teachers’ experiences in practice. Educational Studies, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2024.2448781
Hector-Alexander, A. (2019). Technology and the Curriculum: Summer 2019. Ontario Tech University.
Johnson-Eilola, J., & Selber, S. A. (2021). Strange days: creating flexible pedagogies for technical communication. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 35(1), 154-159.
Jones, B., & Walters, S. (2015). Flexible learning and teaching: looking beyond the binary of full-time/part-time provision in South African higher education. Critical Studies in Teaching and Learning, 3(1), 61-84. https://doi.org/10.14426/cristal.v3i1.29
Keele, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering (EBSE Technical Report No. 5). Software Engineering Group, Keele University. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Barbara-Kitchenham/publication/302924724_Guidelines_for_performing_Systematic_Literature_Reviews_in_Software_Engineering/links/61712932766c4a211c03a6f7/Guidelines-for-performing-Systematic-Literature-Reviews-in-Software-Engineering.pdf
Kessels, G., Xu, K., Dirkx, K., & Martens, R. (2024). Flexible assessments as a tool to improve student motivation: An explorative study on student motivation for flexible assessments. Frontiers in Education, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1290977
Khan, B. H. (2007). Flexible learning in an open and distributed environment. In B. H. Khan (Ed.), Flexible learning in an information society (pp. 1-17). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-325-8.ch001
Kilag, O. K., Diano Jr, F., Bulilan, R., Allego, L., & Cañizares, M. C. (2024). Leadership strategies for building inclusive school communities: the challenges of managing diversity in schools. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(1), 92-100.
King, E., Joy, M., Foss, J., Sinclair, J., & Sitthiworachart, J. (2015). Exploring the impact of a flexible, technology-enhanced teaching space on pedagogy. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 52(5), 522-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2014.896222
Kitchenham, B., & Charters, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering (EBSE Technical Report EBSE-2007-01). Software Engineering Group, Keele University.
Morgan, C., & Bird, J. (2007). Flexible assessment: some tensions and solutions. In B. H. Khan, (Ed.), Flexible learning in an information society (pp. 247-259). IGI Global.
Munaji, M., Rohaeti, T., Mutadi, M., Sumliyah, S., & Kodirun, K. (2025). A literature review of flexibility in interactive mathematics classrooms: the role of teachers and students. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 19(2), 597-605.
Pérez-Garcias, A., Tur Ferrer, G., Villatoro Moral, S., & Darder-Mesquida, A. (2022). Flexible learning itineraries in digital environments for personalised learning in teacher training. RIED-Revista Iberoamericana de Educación a Distancia, 25(2), 175-193. https://doi.org/10.5944/ried.25.2.32326
Rafferty, J. M., Munday, J., & Buchan, J. (2013). Ten rules of thumb in blended and flexible learning: A study on pedagogies, challenges, and changing perspectives. In B. Tynan (Ed.), Outlooks and opportunities in blended and distance learning (pp. 35-49). IGI Global.
Ryan, A., & Cotton, D. (2013). Times of change: Shifting pedagogy and curricula for future sustainability. In S. Sterling, L. Maxey, & H. Luna (Eds.), The sustainable university: Process and prospects. Routledge.
Ryan, A., & Tilbury, D. (2013). Flexible pedagogies: New pedagogical ideas (pp.4-35). The Higher Education Academy. https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets.creode.advancehe-document-manager/documents/hea/private/resources/npi_report_1568036616.pdf
Silva, R., Farias, C., & Mesquita, I. (2024). “It’s Good to Have a Voice”: What Do Students Think about the Impact of a Flexible Curricular Implementation of Student-Centered Pedagogies on Their Own Learning Experiences?. Education Sciences, 14(10), 1074.
Sitthiworachart, J., Joy, M., King, E., Sinclair, J., & Foss, J. (2022). Technology-supported active learning in a flexible teaching space. Education Sciences, 12(9), 634. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12090634
Slaughter, R. (2008). Futures education: Catalyst for our times. Journal of Futures Studies, 12(3), 15-30.
Swan, E., & Fox, S. (2009). Becoming flexible: Self‐flexibility and its pedagogies. British Journal of Management, 20, S149-S159. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00642.x
Tahir, S. I. (2024). Reviewing the impact of digital citizenship on academic performance of students. Emerging Learning Technologies, 1(1), 41–49.
Tahir, S. I. (2024). Societal and economic impact of Atmanirbhar Bharat: A long-term vision through education. In M. Upadhyay & F. A. Malik (Eds.), Empowering India’s future NEP, skill development and cultural expression (pp 17-30). Booksclinc publishing Chhattisgarh.
Tahir, S. I. (2025). Empowering Students Through Culturally Responsive Pedagogies. In Pedagogies of Compassion and Care in Education (pp. 87-104). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
Tahir, S. I., & Jan, T. (2023). Pandemic perspectives: How students navigate social relationships. Education Mind, 2(2), 85-100.
Tahir, S. I., & Jan, T. (2024). Understanding factors affecting scholastic achievement of students: A review of the literature. IASSI Quarterly, 43 (3), 562-575.
Torell Palmquist, G., Hedenborg, S., Linnér, S., Rosén, A., & Solenes, O. (2025). Flexibility, creativity, and imagination–a frame factor analysis of riding lessons for young children. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 1-14.
Torrato, J. B., Prudente, M. S., & Aguja, S. E. (2020, January). Technology integration, proficiency and attitude: Perspectives from grade school teachers. In Proceedings of the 2020 11th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management, and E-Learning (pp. 70-75).
Vadeboncoeur, J. A., & Padilla-Petry, P. (2017). Learning from teaching in alternative and flexible education settings. Teaching Education, 28(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2016.1265928
Voogt, J., & Pareja Roblin, N. (2012). A comparative analysis of international frameworks for 21st century competences: Implications for national curriculum policies. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 44(3), 299–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2012.668938
Wanner, T., Palmer, E., & Palmer, D. (2024). Flexible assessment and student empowerment: advantages and disadvantages–research from an Australian university. Teaching in Higher Education, 29(2), 349-365. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2021.1989578
Xiao, Y., and Watson, M. (2017). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39, 93-112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X177 2397
Yesil, L. B., & Aras, İ. S. (2024). The significance of flexible learning spaces and student-centred pedagogies in school settings: A comparative case study. International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives, 23(1), 1-24.